The School of Mathematics and Statistics was established in June 2011. Its predecessor is the Mathematics Department, which was approved to award doctoral degrees in applied mathematics in 1981. In 2010, the school was approved to award doctoral degrees in mathematics as a first-level discipline, and in 2011, it was approved to award doctoral degrees in statistics as a first-level discipline. In the same year, a postdoctoral research station in mathematics was also established. The discipline of applied mathematics was approved as a key discipline by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2013. 

The school has departments of mathematics, applied mathematics, computing and systems science, probability and financial mathematics, and statistics. It also has Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Centers, as well as the Beijing Key Laboratory of Complex Information Representation and Analysis, and the Key Laboratory of Mathematical Theory of Information Security and Computing Industrialization.

The institution has 116 faculty members, including 30 professors, 37 PhD supervisors, and 76 master's supervisors. There are notable recipients of national awards and designations, such as "Chang Jiang Scholars Program" professors, a leading talent of the national "Thousand Talents Program", and recipients of the National Distinguished Young Scientists Fund, National Excellent Young Scientists Fund, National High-level Talent Program for Young Professionals, and Beijing Teaching Masters.

The school offers three undergraduate programs: mathematics and applied mathematics, information and computational science, and statistics. In 2021, the mathematics and applied mathematics, as well as the statistics programs, were approved as national first-class undergraduate program construction sites. In 2022, the information and computational science program also received this recognition.

The institution also develops graduate education and explores new training models to cultivate talents in basic research, compound applications, and high-tech applications. Over 70 students are enrolled annually.

The mathematics discipline focuses on five research directions: algebra and its representation; geometry, topology, and analysis; theory and applications of differential equations; computational geometry mechanics and control; and graph theory and combinatorial optimization. The statistics discipline specializes in mathematical statistics, experimental design and reliability optimization, statistical analysis of big data, and applied probability theory.

The school is also renowned for its high-level theoretical research and technological innovation. It has led significant projects in support of national strategic needs, and has developed key technologies in areas such as experimental design, reliability optimization, and new generation information technology. These achievements have been applied in major facilities, including China's space station and high-resolution remote sensing satellites.

With an annual research funding exceeding 15 million yuan, the school has received recognition through awards such as the Ministry of Education's Natural Science Award, and the National Defense Science and Technology Progress Award. It has also been honored at the provincial and ministerial levels for its scientific and technological progress and teaching achievements.

The institution values internationalization of education and scientific research, with academic exchanges and cooperation with universities in the US, UK, Germany, Canada, Australia, Netherlands, Japan, and others. It has established joint degree programs with the University of Manchester (2+2 undergraduate, 1+1+1 master's) and Delft University of Technology (2+2 doctoral). These programs have twice received approval as "China Scholarship Council Innovative Talents International Cooperation Training Projects".